Difference between revisions of "Seventy"

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−	[[Category: Church Leaders]]	+	[[image: LDS General Authorities and Officers.jpg|200px|right|alt=LDS General Authorities and Officers|LDS General Authorities and Officers]]In The [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], [[Seventy]] is an office in the Melchizedek [[Priesthood]]. Members of the [[Quorum of the Seventy|Quorums of the Seventy]] serve in one of eight [[Quorum|quorums]]. Each quorum may have up to 70 members. As especial witnesses of [[Jesus Christ|Christ]] in all the world, they are called to proclaim the gospel and build up the Church. Latter-day Saints teach that the office of seventy was anciently conferred upon the seventy disciples mentioned in [https://www.lds.org/scriptures/nt/luke/10.1-2?lang=eng#primary Luke 10:1-2].
−
−	[[Seventy]] is an office in the Melchizedek [[priesthood]] with responsibilities as especial witnesses of [[Jesus Christ|Christ]] in all the world. Members of the Seventy serve in one of eight [[Quorum|quorums]], with members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy being designated as General Authorities. Members of the Third through the Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated Area Seventies.
	== History ==		== History ==
−	In 1835 seven men were called as members of the [[Presidency of the Seventy]]. They were [[General Authorities]]. In addition to [[Elder]] and [[High Priest]] an office of the Melchezedik Priesthood was seventy in between Elder and High Priest.	+	In 1835 seven men were called as members of the [[Presidency of the Seventy]]. They were [[General Authorities]] to the Church.
−	In teachings of the Prophet [[Joseph Smith]], he allegedly said it is contrary to the order of heaven for a seventy to be a high priest. However historical records show that that was probably a clerical error. At the time, there were seventies and high priest were bickering about which was higher and it is likely Joseph Smith had said it was contrary to the order of heaven to bicker about it.	+	In the early days of the restored church, General Authorities were called to be Seventies who had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies, since [[High Priest|High Priests]] had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and district presidents, which are callings that can be held by [[Elder|Elders]]. Seventies who never were high priests could not ordain stake presidents or other high priests. [[Brigham Young]] was aware of this problem and tried to change it before he died.  There is evidence [[John Taylor]] did, also.
−	Another problem was that General Authorities were called to be Seventies that had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies since High Priests had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and District Presidents which are callings that can be held be Elders and Seventies. [[Brigham Young]] was aware of that problem and tried to change it before he died.  There is evidence [[John Taylor]] did too.	+	Seventies in the early days of the restored church primarily presided over [[stake]] seventies quorums, which were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum presidents.  They also accompanied apostles to stake conferences and trained and taught gospel principles.
−	However, members of the Council of the Seventy never were high priests and thus could not ordain Stake Presidents or other High Priests.	+	In 1960 [[David O. McKay]] announced that members of the seventies quorum would be high priests.  Someone asked if it were contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests.  [[Harold B. Lee]] said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960.  That change was made in order for them to ordain [[stake]] leaders and high priests.
−	They primarily presided over Stake Seventies quorums that were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum's presidents.  They also accompanied Apostles to Stake Conferences and trained and taught gospel principles.	+	Still, only men from stake seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were.  In 1975 President [[Spencer W. Kimball]] announced the creation of the First Quorum of the Seventy with 4 additional members.  Since 1941, Assistants to the Twelve, who aided the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, were high priests.  The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the Seventy, since their duties were very similar.  In 1978 some were given emeritus status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons.
−	In 1960 [[David O. McKay]] announced that members of the Seventies quorum would be high priests.  Someone asked is it contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests.  [[Harold B. Lee]] said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960.  That change was made in order for them to ordain [[stake]] leaders and high priests.	+	In 1984 several members of the quorum were called for a period of years (usually 3 to 5) rather than for life.  In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years.  They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates, as it is not a lifelong calling.  In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the Seventy.
−	Still, only people from seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were.  In 1975 President [[Spencer W. Kimball] announced the creation of the first Quorum of the seventy with 4 additional members in addition to the current counsel. Since 1941, assistants to the Twelve, which aided the Quorum of the Twelve, were high priests.  The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the seventy since their duties were pretty much the same.  Particularly since Seventies were ordained High Priests.	+	For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings.  In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities; two years later, [[Gordon B. Hinckley|President Hinckley]] named them "area authority seventies" and installed them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five).
−	In 1978 some were given Emeritus Status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons.  Since succession and seniority is not important in that quorum nothing was effected there.	+	The stake seventy's office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President [[Ezra Taft Benson]] in 1986.
−	In 1984 Several were called for a period of years usually 3 to 5 and not for life.  In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years. They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates as it is not a lifelong calling. In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the seventy.	+	== Individual Quorums ==
		+	Members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy are designated as General Authorities, meaning that they have the authority to serve anywhere in the world. Members of the Third through Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated as Area Seventies, meaning that their authority is limited to the area where they serve. Collectively, all members of the eight quorums are referred to simply as “Seventies.” Their work is directed by the [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]] and the [[Presidency of the Seventy]]. Some are assigned to administrative duties at Church headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah, but a majority live within a specific geographic region of the Church. Like the Apostles, they often travel to different locations throughout the Church to visit and teach congregations.
−	For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings. In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities and two years later President Hinckley named them area authority seventies and put them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five).	+	The number of Quorums of Seventy can expand as needed, easing the work of the [[First Presidency]] and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Increasing the numbers of quorums of seventy has created a seamless way to manage a quickly burgeoning church membership.
−	The Stake Seventies office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President [[Ezra Taft Benson]] in 1986 as studying the scriptures it was not a local calling but church-wide.	+	==Length of Service==
		+	Members of the First Quorum of the Seventy are called to serve until the age of 70. At the age of 70, they are given emeritus status, which is similar to being released. However, recently there has been some flexibility, and many serve for a few years after their 70th birthday. Many emeritus Seventies also become [[Temple President|temple president]]s.
−	== Individual Quorums ==	+	Members of the Second Quorum of Seventy typically serve for three to five years and then they are released. They may, however, serve longer.
−	Members of the First Quorum now typically serve until the year they turn 70 though recently there has been flexibility and many serve a few years beyond there 70th birthday.  Many emeritus Seventies become [[temple president]]s too.  Particularly in their native countries or area's where they have lived much of there life.
−	Members of the Second Quorum serve average of 5 or 6 years as well though many have served longer recently as well. While the Quorum of the twelve apostles is fixed in numbers barring revelation the number of Quorum of seventies can expand as needed easing the work of the first presidency and twelve.	+	== Other References ==
		+	* [https://www.lds.org/church/leaders/quorums-of-the-seventy?lang=eng Quorums of the Seventy]
		+	* [http://lds.org/ldsorg/v/index.jsp?hideNav=1&locale=0&sourceId=ad9e1a01e8d43210VgnVCM100000176f620a____&vgnextoid=2354fccf2b7db010VgnVCM1000004d82620aRCRD The Unfolding Role of the Seventy, by Elder Earl Tingey]
−	== First Quorum of the Seventy==
−	{| class="wikitable sortable" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="background: #e5d16a;"	+	<videoflash>srYKbh4ASuw&rel=0</videoflash>
−	|----
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Surname'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Given Names'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Sustained'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Age Sust.'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Born'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''City Born'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''State/Country'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Children'''
−	|----
−	|Aidukaitis
−	|Marcos A.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|48
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Porto Alegre
−	|Brazil
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Amado
−	|Carlos Humberto
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19921003</span>3 Oct 1992 &nbsp;
−	|48
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">194409</span>25 Sep 1944 &nbsp;
−	|Guatemala City
−	|Guatemala
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Baxter
−	|David S.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|51
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19550207</span>7 Feb 1955 &nbsp;
−	|Stirling
−	|Scotland
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Bowen
−	|Shayne M.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|51
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19540807</span>29 Aug 1954 &nbsp;
−	|Rigby
−	|Idaho
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Causse
−	|Gerald
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|44
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Bordeaux
−	|France
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Child
−	|Sheldon Fay
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060406</span>6 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|67
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19380508</span>8 May 1938 &nbsp;
−	|Ogden
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Coleman
−	|Gary Jerome
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19970405</span>5 Apr 1997 &nbsp;
−	|55
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19410908</span>18 Sep 1941 &nbsp;
−	|Wenatchee
−	|Washington
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Condie
−	|Spencer Joel
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19921003</span>3 Oct 1992 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400808</span>27 Aug 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Preston
−	|Idaho
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Corbridge
−	|Lawrence E.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|58
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Moscow
−	|Idaho
−	|5
−	|----
−	|De Hoyos
−	|Benjamin
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19530208</span>20 Feb 1953 &nbsp;
−	|Monterrey
−	|Mexico
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Dickson
−	|John Baird
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19950401</span>1 Apr 1995 &nbsp;
−	|51
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19430708</span>12 Jul 1943 &nbsp;
−	|Tacoma
−	|Washington
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Didier
−	|Charles Armand Andre
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19791003</span>3 Oct 1979 &nbsp;
−	|43
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19351005</span>5 Oct 1935 &nbsp;
−	|Ixelles
−	|Belgium
−	|2
−	|----
−	|Evans
−	|David F.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|53
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19510805</span>11 Aug 1951 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Falabella
−	|Enrique R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20070302</span>31 Mar 2007 &nbsp;
−	|56
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19500509</span>9 May 1950 &nbsp;
−	|Guatemala City
−	|Guatemala
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Gavarret
−	|Eduardo
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|51
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Minas
−	|Uruguay
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Godoy
−	|Carlos A.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|47
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Porto Alegre
−	|Brazil
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Golden
−	|Christoffel, Jr.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20010305</span>31 Mar 2001 &nbsp;
−	|48
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19520601</span>1 Jun 1952 &nbsp;
−	|Johannesburg
−	|South Africa
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Grow
−	|Cecil Scott
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|55
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19490505</span>5 May 1949 &nbsp;
−	|Moscow
−	|Idaho
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Hafen
−	|Bruce Clark
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19960406</span>6 Apr 1996 &nbsp;
−	|55
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19401005</span>30 Oct 1940 &nbsp;
−	|St. George
−	|Utah
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Hallstron
−	|Donald L.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20000401</span>1 Apr 2000 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19490705</span>27 Jul 1949 &nbsp;
−	|Honolulu
−	|Hawaii
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Hamula
−	|James J.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Long Beach
−	|California
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Hilbig
−	|Kieth K.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19420305</span>13 Mar 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Milwaukee
−	|Wisconsin
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Hinckley
−	|Richard G.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|63
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19410502</span>2 May 1941 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Jensen
−	|Marlin Keith
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19890401</span>1 Apr 1989 &nbsp;
−	|46
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19420502</span>18 May 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Ogden
−	|Utah
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Jensen
−	|Jay Edwin
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19950401</span>1 Apr 1995 &nbsp;
−	|53
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19420205</span>5 Feb 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Payson
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Johnson
−	|Kenneth
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19900403</span>3 Apr 1990 &nbsp;
−	|49
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400705</span>5 Jul 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Norwich
−	|England
−	|1
−	|----
−	|Johnson
−	|Paul Vere
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19540605</span>24 Jun 1954 &nbsp;
−	|Gainesville
−	|Florida
−	|9
−	|----
−	|Johnson
−	|Daniel L.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|59
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19461205</span>15 Dec 1946 &nbsp;
−	|Colonia Juarex
−	|Mexico
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Kikuchi
−	|Yoshihiko
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19771001</span>1 Oct 1977 &nbsp;
−	|36
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19410705</span>25 Jul 1941 &nbsp;
−	|Hokkaido
−	|Japan
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Koelliker
−	|Paul E.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19430305</span>12 Mar 1943 &nbsp;
−	|Pittsburg
−	|California
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Kopischke
−	|Erich W.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20070302</span>31 Mar 2007 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19561005</span>20 Oct 1956 &nbsp;
−	|Elmshom
−	|Germany
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Madsen
−	|John Max
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19970405</span>5 Apr 1997 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19390405</span>24 Apr 1939 &nbsp;
−	|Washington D.C.
−	|&nbsp;
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Maynes
−	|Richard J.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20010305</span>31 Mar 2001 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19501005</span>29 Oct 1950 &nbsp;
−	|Berkeley
−	|California
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Mickelson
−	|Lynn Alvin
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19930403</span>3 Apr 1993 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19350705</span>21 Jul 1935 &nbsp;
−	|Idaho Falls
−	|Idaho
−	|9
−	|----
−	|Nash
−	|Marcus B.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|49
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19570305</span>26 Mar 1957 &nbsp;
−	|Seattle
−	|Washington
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Neuenschwander
−	|Dennis Bramwell
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19941001</span>1 Oct 1994 &nbsp;
−	|54
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19391006</span>6 Oct 1939 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Pace
−	|Glenn LeRoy
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19921003</span>3 Oct 1992 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400306</span>21 Mar 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Provo
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Packer
−	|Allan F.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|59
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Brigham City
−	|Utah
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Pearson
−	|Kevin W.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Perkins
−	|Anthony D.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|45
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19600706</span>22 Jul 1960 &nbsp;
−	|Cortez
−	|Colorado
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Pieper
−	|Paul B.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|47
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19571007</span>7 Oct 1957 &nbsp;
−	|Pocatello
−	|Idaho
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Pino
−	|Rafael E.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Valencia
−	|Venezuela
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Porter
−	|Bruce D.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20030405</span>5 Apr 2003 &nbsp;
−	|50
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19520707</span>18 Jul 1952 &nbsp;
−	|Albuquerque
−	|New Mexico
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Pratt
−	|Carl Barton
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19970405</span>5 Apr 1997 &nbsp;
−	|55
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19411007</span>30 Oct 1941 &nbsp;
−	|Monterrey
−	|Mexico
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Robbins
−	|Lynn G.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20000401</span>1 Apr 2000 &nbsp;
−	|47
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19521007</span>27 Oct 1952 &nbsp;
−	|Cortez
−	|Colorado
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Samuelson
−	|Cecil Osborn, Jr.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19941001</span>1 Oct 1994 &nbsp;
−	|53
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19410801</span>1 Aug 1941 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Soares
−	|Ulisses
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|46
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19581002</span>2 Oct 1958 &nbsp;
−	|Sao Paulo
−	|Brazil
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Stevenson
−	|Gary E.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Ogden
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Teh
−	|Michael J.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20070305</span>31 Mar 2007 &nbsp;
−	|41
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19650602</span>25 Jun 1965 &nbsp;
−	|Davao City
−	|Philippines
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Teixeira
−	|Jose A.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|47
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Vila Real
−	|Portugal
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Tenorio
−	|Octaviano
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20070305</span>31 Mar 2007 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19421002</span>31 Oct 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Tilapan
−	|Mexico
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Viñas
−	|Francisco Jose
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19980405</span>5 Apr 1998 &nbsp;
−	|51
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19461202</span>28 Dec 1946 &nbsp;
−	|Montevideo
−	|Uruguay
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Watson
−	|F. Michael
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|65
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Spring City
−	|Utah
−	|12
−	|----
−	|Wickman
−	|Lance B.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20000401</span>1 Apr 2000 &nbsp;
−	|59
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19401102</span>11 Nov 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Seattle
−	|Washington
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Zeballos
−	|Jorge F.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|52
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Ovalle
−	|Chile
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Zivic
−	|Claudio D.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20070305</span>31 Mar 2007 &nbsp;
−	|58
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19481202</span>19 Dec 1948 &nbsp;
−	|Buenos Aires
−	|Argentina
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Zwick
−	|William Craig
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19950401</span>1 Apr 1995 &nbsp;
−	|47
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19470602</span>30 Jun 1947 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|---- class="sortbottom"
−	|Total
−	|56
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|----
−	|}
−	== Second Quorum of the Seventy==	+	[[Category: Church Leaders]][[Category:Church Callings and Leadership]]
−	{| class="wikitable sortable" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="background: #e5d16a;"	+	[[de:Siebziger]]
−	|----	+	[[es:Setenta]]
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Surname'''	+	[[ru:Кворум Семидесяти]]
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Given Names'''	+	[[ko:칠십인 정원회]]
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Sustained'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Age Sust.'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Born'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''City Born'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''State/Country'''
−	| style="background: #e5936a;" | '''Children'''
−	|----
−	|Arnold
−	|Mervyn B.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20030405</span>5 Apr 2003 &nbsp;
−	|54
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">194807</span>19 Jul 1948 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Callister
−	|Tad R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Glendale
−	|California
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Callister
−	|Douglas L.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20000401</span>1 Apr 2000 &nbsp;
−	|61
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">193902</span>17 Feb 1939 &nbsp;
−	|Glendale
−	|California
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Cardon
−	|Craig A.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">194812</span>30 Dec 1948 &nbsp;
−	|Mesa
−	|Arizona
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Christensen
−	|Craig C.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20021005</span>5 Oct 2002 &nbsp;
−	|46
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">195603</span>18 Mar 1956 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Christensen
−	|Shirley D.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20030405</span>5 Apr 2003 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19390108</span>8 Jan 1939 &nbsp;
−	|Preston
−	|Idaho
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Clarke
−	|Don R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|60
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19451208</span>11 Dec 1945 &nbsp;
−	|Rexburg
−	|Idaho
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Dunn
−	|James M.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20021005</span>5 Oct 2002 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400408</span>16 Apr 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Pocatello
−	|Idaho
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Edwards
−	|Keith R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19420308</span>16 Mar 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Boulder City
−	|Nevada
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Ellis
−	|Stanley G.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|59
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19470108</span>22 Jan 1947 &nbsp;
−	|Burley
−	|Idaho
−	|9
−	|----
−	|Garn
−	|Daryl H.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20021005</span>5 Oct 2002 &nbsp;
−	|63
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19381208</span>28 Dec 1938 &nbsp;
−	|Tremonton
−	|Utah
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Gibbons
−	|Larry W.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20060401</span>1 Apr 2006 &nbsp;
−	|63
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19420708</span>30 Jul 1942 &nbsp;
−	|Logan
−	|Utah
−	|2
−	|----
−	|Jones
−	|Spencer V.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20021005</span>5 Oct 2002 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19450908</span>17 Sep 1945 &nbsp;
−	|Safford
−	|Arizona
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Ko
−	|Won Young
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|59
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19451008</span>15 Oct 1945 &nbsp;
−	|Pusan
−	|South Korea
−	|2
−	|----
−	|Lund
−	|Gerald N.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20020406</span>6 Apr 2002 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19390908</span>12 Sep 1939 &nbsp;
−	|Fountain Green
−	|Utah
−	|7
−	|----
−	|Oaks
−	|Robert C.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20000401</span>1 Apr 2000 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19360208</span>14 Feb 1936 &nbsp;
−	|Los Angeles
−	|California
−	|6
−	|----
−	|Parmley
−	|William W.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20030405</span>5 Apr 2003 &nbsp;
−	|67
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19360108</span>22 Jan 1936 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|4
−	|----
−	|Paul
−	|Wolfgang H.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|65
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400208</span>28 Feb 1940 &nbsp;
−	|Munster
−	|Germany
−	|3
−	|----
−	|Shumway
−	|W. Douglas
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20030405</span>5 Apr 2003 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19400508</span>8 May 1940 &nbsp;
−	|St. Johns
−	|Arizona
−	|8
−	|----
−	|Snow
−	|Lowell M.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|61
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19440102</span>2 Jan 1944 &nbsp;
−	|St. George
−	|Utah
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Steuer
−	|Robert R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20010302</span>31 Mar 2001 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19431206</span>6 Dec 1943 &nbsp;
−	|Milwaukee
−	|Wisconsin
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Sybrowsky
−	|Paul K.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20050402</span>2 Apr 2005 &nbsp;
−	|60
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19440806</span>22 Aug 1944 &nbsp;
−	|Salt Lake City
−	|Utah
−	|9
−	|----
−	|Walker
−	|William R.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20020406</span>6 Apr 2002 &nbsp;
−	|57
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19440506</span>25 May 1944 &nbsp;
−	|Raymond
−	|Canada
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Watson
−	|Kent D.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">20080405</span>5 Apr 2008 &nbsp;
−	|64
−	|&nbsp;
−	|Cedar City
−	|Utah
−	|5
−	|----
−	|Wood
−	|Robert S.
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19990403</span>3 Apr 1999 &nbsp;
−	|62
−	|align="right" | <span style="display:none">19361206</span>25 Dec 1936 &nbsp;
−	|Idaho Falls
−	|Idaho
−	|4
−	|---- class="sortbottom"
−	|Total
−	|25
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|&nbsp;
−	|----
−	|}
−
−	Source: Deseret Morning News 2008 Church Almanac, 42-59 and Deseret Morning News, "[http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695267801,00.html Brief biographies of new leaders called to LDS Church hierarchy]", Saturday, April 5, 2008
−
−	== Other References ==
−	* [http://lds.org/portal/site/LDSOrg/menuitem.b12f9d18fae655bb69095bd3e44916a0/?vgnextoid=2354fccf2b7db010VgnVCM1000004d82620aRCRD&locale=0&sourceId=e65c76e6ffe0c010VgnVCM1000004d82620a____ "Area Authority Seventies: 'To Bear Record of My Name in All the World'"] (lds.org)

---

Revision as of 14:24, 17 September 2015

In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Seventy is an office in the Melchizedek Priesthood. Members of the Quorums of the Seventy serve in one of eight quorums. Each quorum may have up to 70 members. As especial witnesses of Christ in all the world, they are called to proclaim the gospel and build up the Church. Latter-day Saints teach that the office of seventy was anciently conferred upon the seventy disciples mentioned in Luke 10:1-2.

History

In 1835 seven men were called as members of the Presidency of the Seventy. They were General Authorities to the Church.

In the early days of the restored church, General Authorities were called to be Seventies who had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies, since High Priests had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and district presidents, which are callings that can be held by Elders. Seventies who never were high priests could not ordain stake presidents or other high priests. Brigham Young was aware of this problem and tried to change it before he died. There is evidence John Taylor did, also.

Seventies in the early days of the restored church primarily presided over stake seventies quorums, which were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum presidents. They also accompanied apostles to stake conferences and trained and taught gospel principles.

In 1960 David O. McKay announced that members of the seventies quorum would be high priests. Someone asked if it were contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests. Harold B. Lee said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960. That change was made in order for them to ordain stake leaders and high priests.

Still, only men from stake seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were. In 1975 President Spencer W. Kimball announced the creation of the First Quorum of the Seventy with 4 additional members. Since 1941, Assistants to the Twelve, who aided the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, were high priests. The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the Seventy, since their duties were very similar. In 1978 some were given emeritus status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons.

In 1984 several members of the quorum were called for a period of years (usually 3 to 5) rather than for life. In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years. They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates, as it is not a lifelong calling. In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the Seventy.

For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings. In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities; two years later, President Hinckley named them "area authority seventies" and installed them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five).

The stake seventy's office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President Ezra Taft Benson in 1986.

Individual Quorums

Members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy are designated as General Authorities, meaning that they have the authority to serve anywhere in the world. Members of the Third through Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated as Area Seventies, meaning that their authority is limited to the area where they serve. Collectively, all members of the eight quorums are referred to simply as “Seventies.” Their work is directed by the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and the Presidency of the Seventy. Some are assigned to administrative duties at Church headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah, but a majority live within a specific geographic region of the Church. Like the Apostles, they often travel to different locations throughout the Church to visit and teach congregations.

The number of Quorums of Seventy can expand as needed, easing the work of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Increasing the numbers of quorums of seventy has created a seamless way to manage a quickly burgeoning church membership.

Length of Service

Members of the First Quorum of the Seventy are called to serve until the age of 70. At the age of 70, they are given emeritus status, which is similar to being released. However, recently there has been some flexibility, and many serve for a few years after their 70th birthday. Many emeritus Seventies also become temple presidents.

Members of the Second Quorum of Seventy typically serve for three to five years and then they are released. They may, however, serve longer.

Other References

• Quorums of the Seventy
• The Unfolding Role of the Seventy, by Elder Earl Tingey