Difference between revisions of "Seventy"
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[[Category: Church Leaders]] | [[Category: Church Leaders]] | ||
− | [[Seventy]] is an office in the Melchizedek [[priesthood]] | + | [[Seventy]] is an office in the Melchizedek [[priesthood]], and seventies have responsibilities as especial witnesses of [[Jesus Christ|Christ]] in all the world. Members of the [[Quorum of the Seventy|Quorums of the Seventy]] of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] serve in one of eight [[Quorum|quorums]], with members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy being designated as General Authorities. Members of the Third through the Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated Area Seventies. |
== History == | == History == | ||
− | In 1835 seven men were called as members of the [[Presidency of the Seventy]]. They were [[General Authorities]] | + | In 1835 seven men were called as members of the [[Presidency of the Seventy]]. They were [[General Authorities]] to the Church. |
− | In | + | In the early days of the restored church, General Authorities were called to be Seventies who had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies, since [[High Priest|High Priests]] had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and district presidents, which are callings that can be held by [[Elder|Elders]]. Seventies who never were high priests could not ordain stake presidents or other high priests. [[Brigham Young]] was aware of this problem and tried to change it before he died. There is evidence [[John Taylor]] did, also. |
− | + | Seventies in the early days of the restored church primarily presided over [[stake]] seventies quorums, which were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum presidents. They also accompanied apostles to stake conferences and trained and taught gospel principles. | |
− | + | In 1960 [[David O. McKay]] announced that members of the seventies quorum would be high priests. Someone asked if it were contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests. [[Harold B. Lee]] said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960. That change was made in order for them to ordain [[stake]] leaders and high priests. | |
− | + | Still, only men from stake seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were. In 1975 President [[Spencer W. Kimball]] announced the creation of the First Quorum of the Seventy with 4 additional members. Since 1941, Assistants to the Twelve, who aided the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, were high priests. The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the Seventy, since their duties were very similar. In 1978 some were given emeritus status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons. | |
− | In | + | In 1984 several members of the quorum were called for a period of years (usually 3 to 5) rather than for life. In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years. They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates, as it is not a lifelong calling. In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the Seventy. |
− | + | For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings. In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities; two years later, [[Gordon B. Hinckley|President Hinckley]] named them "area authority seventies" and installed them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five). | |
− | + | The stake seventy's office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President [[Ezra Taft Benson]] in 1986. | |
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== Individual Quorums == | == Individual Quorums == | ||
− | Members of the First Quorum now typically serve until the year they turn 70 though recently there has been flexibility and many serve a few years beyond | + | Members of the First Quorum now typically serve until the year they turn 70, though recently there has been flexibility, and many serve a few years beyond their 70th birthday. Many emeritus Seventies become [[Temple President|temple president]]s, also. |
− | Members of the Second Quorum serve average of 5 or 6 years | + | Members of the Second Quorum of the Seventy serve an average of 5 or 6 years and even longer. The number of Quorums of Seventy can expand as needed, easing the work of the [[First Presidency]] and [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]]. Increasing the numbers of quorums of seventy has created a seamless way to manage a quickly burgeoning church membership. |
== First Quorum of the Seventy== | == First Quorum of the Seventy== |
Revision as of 12:10, 15 April 2008
Seventy is an office in the Melchizedek priesthood, and seventies have responsibilities as especial witnesses of Christ in all the world. Members of the Quorums of the Seventy of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints serve in one of eight quorums, with members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy being designated as General Authorities. Members of the Third through the Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated Area Seventies.
Contents
History
In 1835 seven men were called as members of the Presidency of the Seventy. They were General Authorities to the Church.
In the early days of the restored church, General Authorities were called to be Seventies who had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies, since High Priests had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and district presidents, which are callings that can be held by Elders. Seventies who never were high priests could not ordain stake presidents or other high priests. Brigham Young was aware of this problem and tried to change it before he died. There is evidence John Taylor did, also.
Seventies in the early days of the restored church primarily presided over stake seventies quorums, which were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum presidents. They also accompanied apostles to stake conferences and trained and taught gospel principles.
In 1960 David O. McKay announced that members of the seventies quorum would be high priests. Someone asked if it were contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests. Harold B. Lee said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960. That change was made in order for them to ordain stake leaders and high priests.
Still, only men from stake seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were. In 1975 President Spencer W. Kimball announced the creation of the First Quorum of the Seventy with 4 additional members. Since 1941, Assistants to the Twelve, who aided the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, were high priests. The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the Seventy, since their duties were very similar. In 1978 some were given emeritus status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons.
In 1984 several members of the quorum were called for a period of years (usually 3 to 5) rather than for life. In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years. They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates, as it is not a lifelong calling. In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the Seventy.
For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings. In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities; two years later, President Hinckley named them "area authority seventies" and installed them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five).
The stake seventy's office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President Ezra Taft Benson in 1986.
Individual Quorums
Members of the First Quorum now typically serve until the year they turn 70, though recently there has been flexibility, and many serve a few years beyond their 70th birthday. Many emeritus Seventies become temple presidents, also.
Members of the Second Quorum of the Seventy serve an average of 5 or 6 years and even longer. The number of Quorums of Seventy can expand as needed, easing the work of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Increasing the numbers of quorums of seventy has created a seamless way to manage a quickly burgeoning church membership.
First Quorum of the Seventy
Surname | Given Names | Sustained | Age Sust. | Born | City Born | State/Country | Children |
Aidukaitis | Marcos A. | 5 Apr 2008 | 48 | Porto Alegre | Brazil | 5 | |
Amado | Carlos Humberto | 3 Oct 1992 | 48 | 25 Sep 1944 | Guatemala City | Guatemala | 5 |
Baxter | David S. | 1 Apr 2006 | 51 | 7 Feb 1955 | Stirling | Scotland | 4 |
Bowen | Shayne M. | 1 Apr 2006 | 51 | 29 Aug 1954 | Rigby | Idaho | 7 |
Causse | Gerald | 5 Apr 2008 | 44 | Bordeaux | France | 5 | |
Child | Sheldon Fay | 6 Apr 2006 | 67 | 8 May 1938 | Ogden | Utah | 6 |
Coleman | Gary Jerome | 5 Apr 1997 | 55 | 18 Sep 1941 | Wenatchee | Washington | 6 |
Condie | Spencer Joel | 3 Oct 1992 | 52 | 27 Aug 1940 | Preston | Idaho | 5 |
Corbridge | Lawrence E. | 5 Apr 2008 | 58 | Moscow | Idaho | 5 | |
De Hoyos | Benjamin | 2 Apr 2005 | 52 | 20 Feb 1953 | Monterrey | Mexico | 6 |
Dickson | John Baird | 1 Apr 1995 | 51 | 12 Jul 1943 | Tacoma | Washington | 8 |
Didier | Charles Armand Andre | 3 Oct 1979 | 43 | 5 Oct 1935 | Ixelles | Belgium | 2 |
Evans | David F. | 2 Apr 2005 | 53 | 11 Aug 1951 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 8 |
Falabella | Enrique R. | 31 Mar 2007 | 56 | 9 May 1950 | Guatemala City | Guatemala | 5 |
Gavarret | Eduardo | 5 Apr 2008 | 51 | Minas | Uruguay | 3 | |
Godoy | Carlos A. | 5 Apr 2008 | 47 | Porto Alegre | Brazil | 4 | |
Golden | Christoffel, Jr. | 31 Mar 2001 | 48 | 1 Jun 1952 | Johannesburg | South Africa | 4 |
Grow | Cecil Scott | 2 Apr 2005 | 55 | 5 May 1949 | Moscow | Idaho | 8 |
Hafen | Bruce Clark | 6 Apr 1996 | 55 | 30 Oct 1940 | St. George | Utah | 7 |
Hallstron | Donald L. | 1 Apr 2000 | 50 | 27 Jul 1949 | Honolulu | Hawaii | 4 |
Hamula | James J. | 5 Apr 2008 | 50 | Long Beach | California | 6 | |
Hilbig | Kieth K. | 1 Apr 2006 | 64 | 13 Mar 1942 | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 6 |
Hinckley | Richard G. | 2 Apr 2005 | 63 | 2 May 1941 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 4 |
Jensen | Marlin Keith | 1 Apr 1989 | 46 | 18 May 1942 | Ogden | Utah | 8 |
Jensen | Jay Edwin | 1 Apr 1995 | 53 | 5 Feb 1942 | Payson | Utah | 6 |
Johnson | Kenneth | 3 Apr 1990 | 49 | 5 Jul 1940 | Norwich | England | 1 |
Johnson | Paul Vere | 2 Apr 2005 | 50 | 24 Jun 1954 | Gainesville | Florida | 9 |
Johnson | Daniel L. | 1 Apr 2006 | 59 | 15 Dec 1946 | Colonia Juarex | Mexico | 6 |
Kikuchi | Yoshihiko | 1 Oct 1977 | 36 | 25 Jul 1941 | Hokkaido | Japan | 4 |
Koelliker | Paul E. | 2 Apr 2005 | 62 | 12 Mar 1943 | Pittsburg | California | 7 |
Kopischke | Erich W. | 31 Mar 2007 | 50 | 20 Oct 1956 | Elmshom | Germany | 7 |
Madsen | John Max | 5 Apr 1997 | 57 | 24 Apr 1939 | Washington D.C. | 6 | |
Maynes | Richard J. | 31 Mar 2001 | 50 | 29 Oct 1950 | Berkeley | California | 4 |
Mickelson | Lynn Alvin | 3 Apr 1993 | 57 | 21 Jul 1935 | Idaho Falls | Idaho | 9 |
Nash | Marcus B. | 1 Apr 2006 | 49 | 26 Mar 1957 | Seattle | Washington | 5 |
Neuenschwander | Dennis Bramwell | 1 Oct 1994 | 54 | 6 Oct 1939 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 4 |
Pace | Glenn LeRoy | 3 Oct 1992 | 52 | 21 Mar 1940 | Provo | Utah | 6 |
Packer | Allan F. | 5 Apr 2008 | 59 | Brigham City | Utah | 8 | |
Pearson | Kevin W. | 5 Apr 2008 | 50 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 6 | |
Perkins | Anthony D. | 1 Apr 2006 | 45 | 22 Jul 1960 | Cortez | Colorado | 6 |
Pieper | Paul B. | 2 Apr 2005 | 47 | 7 Oct 1957 | Pocatello | Idaho | 6 |
Pino | Rafael E. | 5 Apr 2008 | 52 | Valencia | Venezuela | 3 | |
Porter | Bruce D. | 5 Apr 2003 | 50 | 18 Jul 1952 | Albuquerque | New Mexico | 4 |
Pratt | Carl Barton | 5 Apr 1997 | 55 | 30 Oct 1941 | Monterrey | Mexico | 8 |
Robbins | Lynn G. | 1 Apr 2000 | 47 | 27 Oct 1952 | Cortez | Colorado | 6 |
Samuelson | Cecil Osborn, Jr. | 1 Oct 1994 | 53 | 1 Aug 1941 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 5 |
Soares | Ulisses | 2 Apr 2005 | 46 | 2 Oct 1958 | Sao Paulo | Brazil | 3 |
Stevenson | Gary E. | 5 Apr 2008 | 52 | Ogden | Utah | 4 | |
Teh | Michael J. | 31 Mar 2007 | 41 | 25 Jun 1965 | Davao City | Philippines | 3 |
Teixeira | Jose A. | 5 Apr 2008 | 47 | Vila Real | Portugal | 3 | |
Tenorio | Octaviano | 31 Mar 2007 | 64 | 31 Oct 1942 | Tilapan | Mexico | 5 |
Viñas | Francisco Jose | 5 Apr 1998 | 51 | 28 Dec 1946 | Montevideo | Uruguay | 3 |
Watson | F. Michael | 5 Apr 2008 | 65 | Spring City | Utah | 12 | |
Wickman | Lance B. | 1 Apr 2000 | 59 | 11 Nov 1940 | Seattle | Washington | 5 |
Zeballos | Jorge F. | 5 Apr 2008 | 52 | Ovalle | Chile | 5 | |
Zivic | Claudio D. | 31 Mar 2007 | 58 | 19 Dec 1948 | Buenos Aires | Argentina | 5 |
Zwick | William Craig | 1 Apr 1995 | 47 | 30 Jun 1947 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 4 |
Total | 56 |
Second Quorum of the Seventy
Surname | Given Names | Sustained | Age Sust. | Born | City Born | State/Country | Children |
Arnold | Mervyn B. | 5 Apr 2003 | 54 | 19 Jul 1948 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 6 |
Callister | Tad R. | 5 Apr 2008 | 62 | Glendale | California | 6 | |
Callister | Douglas L. | 1 Apr 2000 | 61 | 17 Feb 1939 | Glendale | California | 6 |
Cardon | Craig A. | 1 Apr 2006 | 57 | 30 Dec 1948 | Mesa | Arizona | 8 |
Christensen | Craig C. | 5 Oct 2002 | 46 | 18 Mar 1956 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 4 |
Christensen | Shirley D. | 5 Apr 2003 | 64 | 8 Jan 1939 | Preston | Idaho | 7 |
Clarke | Don R. | 1 Apr 2006 | 60 | 11 Dec 1945 | Rexburg | Idaho | 6 |
Dunn | James M. | 5 Oct 2002 | 62 | 16 Apr 1940 | Pocatello | Idaho | 6 |
Edwards | Keith R. | 1 Apr 2006 | 64 | 16 Mar 1942 | Boulder City | Nevada | 7 |
Ellis | Stanley G. | 1 Apr 2006 | 59 | 22 Jan 1947 | Burley | Idaho | 9 |
Garn | Daryl H. | 5 Oct 2002 | 63 | 28 Dec 1938 | Tremonton | Utah | 6 |
Gibbons | Larry W. | 1 Apr 2006 | 63 | 30 Jul 1942 | Logan | Utah | 2 |
Jones | Spencer V. | 5 Oct 2002 | 57 | 17 Sep 1945 | Safford | Arizona | 3 |
Ko | Won Young | 2 Apr 2005 | 59 | 15 Oct 1945 | Pusan | South Korea | 2 |
Lund | Gerald N. | 6 Apr 2002 | 62 | 12 Sep 1939 | Fountain Green | Utah | 7 |
Oaks | Robert C. | 1 Apr 2000 | 64 | 14 Feb 1936 | Los Angeles | California | 6 |
Parmley | William W. | 5 Apr 2003 | 67 | 22 Jan 1936 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 4 |
Paul | Wolfgang H. | 2 Apr 2005 | 65 | 28 Feb 1940 | Munster | Germany | 3 |
Shumway | W. Douglas | 5 Apr 2003 | 62 | 8 May 1940 | St. Johns | Arizona | 8 |
Snow | Lowell M. | 2 Apr 2005 | 61 | 2 Jan 1944 | St. George | Utah | 5 |
Steuer | Robert R. | 31 Mar 2001 | 57 | 6 Dec 1943 | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 5 |
Sybrowsky | Paul K. | 2 Apr 2005 | 60 | 22 Aug 1944 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 9 |
Walker | William R. | 6 Apr 2002 | 57 | 25 May 1944 | Raymond | Canada | 5 |
Watson | Kent D. | 5 Apr 2008 | 64 | Cedar City | Utah | 5 | |
Wood | Robert S. | 3 Apr 1999 | 62 | 25 Dec 1936 | Idaho Falls | Idaho | 4 |
Total | 25 |
Source: Deseret Morning News 2008 Church Almanac, 42-59 and Deseret Morning News, "Brief biographies of new leaders called to LDS Church hierarchy", Saturday, April 5, 2008